Report of Inspection of MKULTRA (Inspector General's Report)

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EtiLL TeX,
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2~ ~uly 1963

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· MEMORANDUM FOR: Director of Central Intelligence
SUBJECT

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: Report o! Inspection of.MK.ULTRA

1. In connection with our. surv~y of Technical Services
Division, DD/P, it was deemed advisable to prepare. the report
of the MKULTRA program in one copy only, in view of its
.unusual sensitivity.

2. This report is forwarded herewith.

3. The MKULTRA activity is concerned with the research
and development of chemical, biological. and radiological
materials capable of employment in clandestine operations to
control human behavior. The end. pr~ducts of such research
· are subject to very strict controls including a requirement
for the personal approval of the Deputy Director/Plans for any
operational use made of these end products.

4. The cryptonym MKULTRA encompasses the R&D
phase· and a second cryptonym MKDELTA denotes the DD/P
system for control of the operational employment of such material,.
.,...The provisions of ~he MKULTRA authority also cover~~-~--~,
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The administration and control of
. _ s latter activity were found to be generally satisfactory and
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are discussed in greater detail in the main body of the report
.· .
on TSD.
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5. MKULTRA was authorized by .the then Director of
Central Intelligence, Mr. Allen W. Dulles. in 1953. The TSD .
was assigned responsibility thereby to employ a portion of its

R.&D budget, ,eventually set at 20%, .or research in behavioral
· ·materials anc!1'-~~-~-----=--~7 Wider purely internal and com: ·partmented co"fitrols, (further ~tails are provided in paragraph 3
of the attached report). Normal procedures for project approval,
. funding, and accounting were waived. However, special arrangements for audit of expenditures have been evolved in subsequent

· .years.

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·6.. The scope of MK.ULTRA is comprehensive and
ranges from the searc·h for and procurement of botanical and
chemical substances, through programs for their analysis
in scientific laboratories, -to progressive testing for effect
-on animals and human beings. The testing on individuals
begins under laboratory ~onditions employing every safeguard
and progresses gradually to mor.e and more realistic operational simulations. The program requires and obtains the
services of a number of highly specialized authorities in many
. fields of the natural sciences.
.
7. The concepts involved in manipulating human
behavior are found by many people both within and outside the
Agency to be distasteful and unethical. There is considerable
evidence that opposition intelligence services are active and
highly proficient in this field. The experience of TSD to date
indicates that both the research and the employment of the
mat~rials are expensive and often unpredictable in results.
· Nevertheless, there have been major accomplishments both
_in research and operational employment.

8. The principal conclusions of the inspection are that
the structure_ and operational controls over this activity need
• trengthening; improvements are needed in the administration
of the research projects; and some of the testing of substances
under simulated operational conditions was judged to involve -.
excessive risk to the Agency.

· 9• . Attached for the signature of the Deputy Dir_ector of·
Central Intelligence is a memorandum transmitting the report
to the Deputy Director/Plans requesting a summary of .action .
. _taken or comments on the recommendations contained therein.

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Inspector General

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Attachments - as stated

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REPORT OF INSPECTION OF MKULTRA/TSD

I.

Introduction

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1.
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Technical Services Division (TSD). (then Technical Support

Staff), received authorization from the. then Director of Central
1n·telligence, Mr. Allen W. Dulles,
on 3 .Aprir.1953
to develop and
.
.
maintain continuing operational capabilities in the fields of a~

· --· ___ . . . . . .

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(b )( 1)
(b)(3)
(b )( 1 )
(b)(3)

b) chemical and biological materials capable of producing human
... • .:•

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behavioral a~d physiological changes, (see Tab A)._ The cryptotiyrn
: MKULTRA was assigned to encompass TSD's research, development
__ and equipment activities in these two fields.

·.-.~· ..., ::..
....

The cryptonyni MKDELTA .

had already been assigned by DD/P Notice No. 22.0-1 on 20 October
1952 (since revised - see Tab B) as the indicator covering DD/P. policy

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and procedure for the use of biochemicals in clandestine operations.
2..

The MKULTRA charter provides only a brief presentation

of th~ rationale of the authorized activities.

The sensitive aspects

of the program as it has evolved over the ensuing ten years are the

•

following:
a.

:Research in the manipulation of human behavior is

considered by many authorities in medicine and related fields

··•'""=?':-JO"

Declassification Review E.O. 12065
Conducted on 17 June 1981
Derivative Classification by 531025
\ Rev~ e\t 17 June 2001
·Derived fro~ C9c.?.; C9e
Downgraded

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(b)(3)

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to be professionally unethical, therefore the reputations
of professional participants in the MKULTRA program are

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on occasion in jeopardy.

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Some MKULTRA activities raise questions o.

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legality implicit in the original ch~rter.

·

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b.

c.

A final phase of the testing of MKULTRA products

places the rights and interests of U. S. citizens in jeopardy.

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d.

Public disclosure of some aspects of MKULTRA.

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activity could induce serious adverse reaction in U. S.

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public opinion, as well as stimulate offensive and defensi~e

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action in this field on the ·part of foreign intelligence services.
3.

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In recognition of the sensitivity of MK.ULTRA, TSD was

authodzed exclusive control of the administration, records, . and

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. financial accountings of the program. Simple statements of certification

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were all that were required of TSD to obtain advances of funds from
Finance Division.

:·.-:-·.•.

The DCI's m.emorandum also exempted MKULTRA

from audit, but this provision was modified to permit limited audit
before the end of t~e first year.

Funding of MKULTRA was eventually

stabilized at 2.0 percent of TSD''s annual research a;nd flevelopment budget.
It has fallen in the neighborhood of[

~er year over the ten-year .

history of the program,~ which about 30 p~rcent has been.alloc~ted to

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(b )( 1)
(b)(3)

cf. Tab C for MKULTRA

._./"support of the

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funding record FY 60-63.
4.

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The inspection of TSD activities in the field of

(b )( 1)
(b)(3)
( b )( 1)

while chartered under MKULTRA is discussed for reasons

(b)(3)

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noted below in the section of the Inspector General's Survey dealing

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with the

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(b )( 1)
(b)(3)

of TSD, cf. dis-

( b )( 1)

:cussions ~eginning with paragraph~-]

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(b)(3)
(b )( 1)
(b)(3)

The security considerations applying t9L......,-_ _ _ _ _ _lwere found to
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be significantly different from those governing manipulation of human

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. b~havior.

a)

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c:

·M.;.,~external projecis in support~ thel I'

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(b )( 1)
(b)(3)
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•are being funded and managed securely outside the·

(b)(3)
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· MK.ULTRA mechanism. · b) Chief, Support, TSD, believes that it may

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c) The
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requires that a nigh

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percentage of its staff contribute and be witting of each operation. I

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security practices axe tight and the Inspector General's survey recom-

______.mends further refinements in security procedures.

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5.

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The inspection of MKULTRA projects in biochemical controls

of human behavior raised questions in the following area of policy and
..... ,e.,__

management which are dealt with in the balance of this report:

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(b )( 1)
(b)(3)

also be possible in the future _to f u n d ~ U L T R A projects by_
-·_·secure methods more c~mpatible with DD/S responsibilities.

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Scope of.the MKULTRA charter:
(1)

Over the ten-year life of the program many

additional avenues to the cont:rol of human behavior
have been designated by the TSD management as
appropriate to investigatioi;,. under the MKULTRA charter,
. :-: . '".;~:-.

· including radiationJ electro-shock, various fields of
psychology, psychiatry, sociology, and anthropology,
graphology, harrassm.ent substances, and paramilitary
devices and materials.
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(Z) Various projects do not appec_1,r to have been
sufficiently sensitive to warrant waiver of normal Agency
procedures· for ·authorization and control.•
(3). Other secure channels for establishment and
funding of Agency-sterile activities have been evolved
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over t'l\e past ten years by Deputy Director/Support (DD/S)
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and in some cases could reasonably be employed by TSD
in lieu of MKULTRA procedures.

In view of these developments there is substantial. agreement
among all parties concerned that redefinition· of •the scope of

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MK.ULTRA is.now appropriate.

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b:" Ml{ULTRA management policies:
(1) The original charter documents specified that
TSD maintain exacting control of MKULTRA activities.

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In so doing,· however, TSD has pursued a philosophy
of minimum documentation in keeping with the high
sensitivity of some of the projects.

Some files were

found to present a reasonably complete record, including
most sensitive matters, while others with parallel
objectives contained little or no data at all.

The lack

of consistent records precluded use of routine inspection
procedures and raised a variety of questions concerning

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management and fiscal controls.

·~

. (Z) . Lack of records essential to inspection of

MK.ULTRA moved to the forefront among issues as the
present survey proceeded.

Under normal circumstances

the inspectors would have examined an inventory of discrediting, disabling, and lethal substances perfected or
-·~,~~ .,

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procured from whatever sources.

The records on

representative items would ha.ve been reviewed according
to such standard criteria as:
(a) How were the substance and its
properties identifi~d ~ •
(b) What researcher was selected to
perform the research, and why?
(c) When was the work begun, where, :
involving what costs, at what rate
of progress, based on what tests?
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(d) What are the present capabilities
and limitations of the substance
for clandesinte operations?
(e) What further research is being
conducted on this and related substances and how does this reflect
existing TSD capabilities, operational requirements and_ budget factors?
(3) MK.ULTRA records afforded no such approach
to inspection.

There are just two individuals in TSD who
.

.

have full substantive knowledge of the program and most
of that knowlegge is unrecorded.

Both are highly skilled,

highly motiv~ted, professionally competent individuals.
Part of their competence lies in their command of intelligence tradecraft.

In protecting the sen_sitive nature of

the American intelligence capability to manipulate human
behavior, they apply "need to know" doctrine to their

professional associates and to their clerical assistants to
a maximum degree.

Confidence in their competence and

discretion has been a vital feature of the management of
MK.ULTRA.

. •
c. Advaru:ed testing of MK ULTRA materials:
It is the firm doctrine in TSD that testing of materials
under accepted scientific procedures fails to disclose the
full pattern of reactions and attributions that may occur
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i:n operational situations.

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TSD initiated a program for
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covert testing of_ ~.aterials on unwitting U. S. citizens
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in 1955.

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The present report reviews the rationale and
.

risks attending this activity and recommends termination
of such testing in the United ·states, cf. paragraphs 10-18
below.
II.

Modus Operandi
6.

The research and development of materials capable of producing

behavioral or physiological change in huµians is now pe!formed within

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a J:iighly elaborated and stabilized MKULTRA structure.

The search

for new materials; e.g., psilocybin from Mexican mushrooms, or a
fungi occurri,ng in agricultural crops, is conducted through standing
arrangements with specialists in universities, pharmaceutical houses,
._ hospitals, state and federal institutions, and private research organi·-'~:~

zations who are authorities in the given field of investigation in their
o;.n right. ~ u a l grants of fundo are made under ostens.ible research
foundation auspices to the specialists located in the public or quasi-public
institutions.

This approach conceals from the institution the interest of

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CIA and permits the recipient to proceed with his investigation, publish
his ·findings {excluding intelligence implications), and account for his
expenditures in a manner normal to his institution.

A number of the

grants have included funds for the construction and equipping of res.earchJ

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facilities and for the employment of research assistantsJKey individuals
must qualify for top secret clearance and are made witting of Agency
sponsorship. G,.s a rule each specialist is managed un.ilaterally and is
not witting of Agency support of parallel MKULTRA research in his

:-'''~'!~~-~:

-~r•.::. ·:field.

The system in effect "buys a piece" of the specialist in order to

enlist his aid in pursuing the intelligeric~ implications of his researchj
His services typically include systematic search of the scientific
literature, procurement of materials, their propagation, and the appli-

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cation of test dosages to animals and under some circumstances to
volunteer human subjects. No quarrel ii; found with the ra.tiona~e of
- this program to the extent that it fits the original MKULTRA charter.

·.··,,

However, for inspection purposes, there were lacking records, year
by year, of the progress of each project and the recorded judgments
.,....•·.·

of the project monitors on operational benefits vis-a-vis costs •
. 7. [ihe funding 0£ sensitive MKULTRA projects b.y sterile gra.nt~.
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in aid as noted in the preceding paragraph disclosed one of the principal
c~ntroversial aspect; 0£ this programJ..-~e original chartei: of ~ULTRA
.

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assumed that the sensitivity of activities would be sufficient to justify
both a) ~pecial protection for the researcher; and b) compartmentation

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of MK.ULTRA knowledge within the Agency.

On this ha.sis the inherent

~a£eguards of DD/S procedures were waived, the DD/S was not consulted
in the design of the MKULTRA rra nagement· system, and established Agency

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audit procedures were waived.

In the subsequent administration of

the program, however, TSD has found it feasible to contract for some
o(the research on MK.ULTRA objectives in accordance with prescribed
DD/S procedures.

The DD/S, in turn, has evolved various secure

systems for the funding of sensitive acJ;ivities.

It appears feasible

and appropriate, therefore, to propose that the DD/S b~ co~sulted
_during the re-chartering of MKULTRA in the design of an administrative
system that does justice to his responsibilities as well as to the management and security requirements of TSD.
:•.a•:•.

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The Inspector General

ac~ordingly has recor:°rne~dedtt the e~d of this report that the -~D/S
be consulted in the re-design of the system;· that the Chief, Support,
· TSD, be assigned responsibility for the day-to-day support of MKULTRA.;

cmd that the latter··constitute a bridge to the DD/S for monito~ing the
.future evolutio~ of the system] ·
8. _The next phase of the MKULTRA program- involves physicians,
toxicologists, and other specialists in mental, narcotics, and general

hospitals and in prisons, who are provided the products and findings of
the basic research projects and proceed with intensive testing on human
subjects.

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These specialists are also recipients foi- testing purposes of

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the flow of new products from pharmaceutical laboratories.
--~.;-,

Materials

and procedures with intelligence potential may be identified through this

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relationship.

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The testing programs are conducted under accepted

scientific procedures including the use of control populations,. the
employment of placebos, and the detailed observation, measurement,
recording, analysis, and publication of findings.

Where health permits,

test subjects are voluntary participant~ in the program.

9. A current development in the testing of new products is the
tightening of controls over dosages and procedures by the U. S. Food
and Drug Administration.

Since MKULTRA files contajned no docu-

mentation on this subject, it was not possible to appraise the signifi. ~

cance of this development for MKULTRA.pbj~ctives.

However, •.

interviews with the TSD officers concerned indicated that the new rules
· are affecting procedures_ and causing controversy in research hoapitals

. a~d pharmaceutical houses.(The TSD officers have ~lose relationships
with key individuals in many of the leading U. S. pharmaceutical houses
and count on their continued close cooperation in obtaining materials

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and services deemed vital to U. S. intelligence.:.:)
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10.

··.··•·,-,:.

The final phase of testing of MKULTRA materials involves

their application to unwitting subjec::ts in normal life settings •. It was
noted earlier that the capabiliti~s of MKULTRA subst~ces to produce
disabling or discrediting effects or to increase the effectiveness of
interrogation of hostile subjects cannot be established solely thro11gh
· testing on volunteer populations.

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Reaction and attribution patterns are

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clearly affected when the testing is conducted in an atmosphere of
confidence under skilled medical supervision.
11.

TSD, therefore, entered into an informal arrangement

with certain cleared and witting individuals in the Bureau of Narcotics

____..

in 1955 which provided for the release ff MKULTRA materials for

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such testing as those i.nl ividuals deemed desirable and feasible •. The
initial arrangement obtained the services of a senior representative
of the Bureau and one of his assistants on the West Coast.· A parallel

---

arrangement was established on the East Coa_st in 1961.

•

The Director
~

of the Bureau has been briefed on the activity, but ~he Deputy Chief,
TSD, who has guided MKULTRA from its inception, is of the opinion
-that the former _would disclairn all knowledge and responsibility in
the event of compromise.

-:·.

The MKULTRA program director has, in

fact, provided close supervision of the testing program from the beginning
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~d makes periodic visits to the sites.

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The sum oftO, OO~as. ~~en

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pr~>Vided annually to each of the two projects to cover cost of cultivation

of targets· and of maintenance of a safehouse in each area for the
observation of effects of substances on selected test individuals.
-·,

IZ.

The particular advantage of these ar.range~ents with the

Bureau of Narcotics officials has been that test subjects could be sought
and cultivated within the setting of narcotics control. Some sub~ects

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have been informers or _members of suspect criminal elements from
whom the Bureau has obtained results of operational value through the
tests.

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On the other hand, the effective_ness of the substances on .

individuals at all social levels, high and low, native American and
foreign, is of great significance and testing has been performed on a
variety of individuals within these categories.

13. A significant limitation on the effectiveness of such testing
is the infeasibility of performing scientific observation of _results.
The Bureau agents are not qualified sci,entific observers •. Their
subjects are seldom accessible beyond the first hours of the tes'=t.

The

testing may be useful .in perfecting delivery techniqu.ei:1, and in identi!-ying
surface characteristics of onset. reaction, attri:bution, and side-effect.·

In a number of instances. however, the test subject has become ill for
hours or· days, including hospitalization in at lea.st one case, and the
-~

~¥;...: :.

agent could only follow-up by guarded inquiry after the test subject's
return to normal life.

Possible sickness and attendant economic loss·

are inherent contingent effects of the testing.
14.

The MK.ULTRA program officer stated that the objectives of

covert testing concern the field of toxicology rather th•an medicine;
further, that the program is not intended to harm test individuals, and
that the medical consultation and assistance is obtained when appropriate
through separate MKULTRA arrangements.

The risk of compromise of

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the program through correct diagnosis of an illness by an unwitting
medical specialist is regularly considered and is stated to be a.
governing factor in the decision to conduct the given test.

•.:·:·

The

Bureau officials also maintain close working relations with local
police authorities which could be utilized to protect the activity in
critical situations •

.: .:~ . .

15.

There have been several discussions in the public press in

recent monthE» on the use of certain MKULTRA-type drugs to influence
human behavior. · Broadly speaking, these have argued that res~arch
knowledge of possible adverse effects of such substances on human
beings is inadeq\lclte, that some applications have done serious harm,
and that professional r_esearchers in medicine and psychiatry are split
on the ethics of performing such research.

Increasing public attention

to this subject is to be expected.
16.
.•-':.

The final step in the research and development sequence is

the delivery of MK.ULTRA ~aterials into the MK.DELTA control system
governing their employment in clandestine operations.

The subject is

discussed further in the next section; however, ~t i_s appropriate here
to note that the employment of MKDELTA materials remains an art
rather than a scientific procedure.

A significant number of variables

in the target individual, including age, sex, weight, general health,
social status, and personality structure, may account for widely varying
. ~,--

~m
.

(

and unpredictable reactions to a given drug in a given dosage •

..... IJI,.•:••.

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17.

The final stage of covert testing of materials on unwitting

subjects is clearly the most sensitive aspect of MKULTRA.
effective cover story appears to be available.

No

TSD officials state

that responsibility for covert testing is transferred to the Bureau. of

--~---

Narcotics.

Yet they also predict that the Chief of the Bureau would

disclaim an.y knowledge of the activity.

Present practice is to maintain

no records of the planning and approval of test programe.

The prin-

cipal responsibility for the propriety of such testing rests with the
MKULTRA program director and the Deputy Chief of TSD. -Th~
• handling of test subjects in the last analysis rests with the Narcotics
. agent working al.on~." Suppression

of knowledge_ of critical results from

..-'~

the top :ISD and CIA management is an inherent risk in these operations.
18. Final phase testing of MKULTRA substances or de~ices on
.

.

.

.

unwitting $ubjects is recognized to be an activity o! genuine importance
in the development

of some but 'not all MK.ULTRA products. Termination

of such t·esting would have some~ but an essentially indeterminate, effect
on the development of operational capability in this field.

Of more

critical significance, however, is the risk of serious damage to the

•

Agency in the event of compromise of the true nature of this activity.
As now performed under Bureau of Narcotics auspices, non-Agency
personnel are necessarily fully witting of the true nature and signficanc.e-:
of their assignments, and of the sponsorship of CIA.

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this information intenti~nally or unwittingly by these individuals at some

./
time in the future is a hazard that cannot be ruled out. A test subject
may on some occasion in the future correctly attribute the cp.use of his
reaction and secure independent professional medical assistance in
identifying the exact nature of the substance employec:l, and by whom.

An extreme reaction to a test substance could lead to a Bureau request
for cooperation from local authorities in suppr~ssing information of the
situation.

This wpuld in turn broaden the circle of individuals who

possessed at least circumstantial evidence of the nature of the activity •
.

.-

.

Weighing possible benefits of such testing against the risks of compromise
and of resulting damage1o CIA has led the Inspector General to rec.9mmend
· termination of this phase of the MKULTRA program. Existing. checks
and balances on the working level management of such testing do not
afford the senior command of CIA adequate protection against the high
IC~~

.••·

·:.•

risks involved.
19~~t does not follow that termination of covert testing of MKULT~
materials on unwitting U. S. citizens will bring the program to a halt.
Some testing on foreign nationals has been occurring under the present

•
arrangements.

Various U. s. de~p ~over agents overseas would appear

to be more favorably situated thah the U. S. narcotics agents to perform.
realistic testing] Finally, the operational use of the substances clearly
serves the testing function in view of the· lack of predictability of human

(

i-eactions.

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III.

Current estimate of the MKULTRA/MKDELTA capability

ZO.-

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. ·. ·.

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The present Deputy Chief of TSD, Dr~ Sidney Gottlieb,

in his then capacity of scientific advisor to the Deputy Director /Plans

-

(DD/P), released a study (hereafter referred to as the Gottlieb report}
~--li, ·,

1...:.J6••.:.."

-4~~
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on 21 April 1960, covering his six-mon_t'h investigation of "Scientific

.

and Technical Problems in Coyert Action Operations". Appendix B
of the report was entitled, "The Applicability of Special Chemicals and
Biologicals t~ Oa.ndestine Operations".

The inspectors found thi.s

,A.ppendix to be a ~arefully prepared and very useful treatment of the
· subject.

..

-

~

The remaining para.graphs draw on the Gottlieb report, take

account of developments since that date, and discuss management : and funding aspects of MKULTRA.
21.

.•:·.:.:. ~
.. ··. -..

The author opened his discussion with the question of what

- - •of

the operational returns had been from an eight-year program involving
an investment of approximatel~~-----~I He obse;ved that the

(b)(3)
.

:1
!!

Clandestine Service1;1 had encouraged TSD on various occasions to
develop and maintain the operational capability in special drugs and
chemicals, but that TSD had received little or no guidance in directing
.

the work and that the Clandestine Services had

. time shown
up to that

little inclination to use the_ end products operationally.

He indicated

that there had been approximately 100 operations over the eight years

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employing harrassrnent_materials (not controlled under the MKDELTA
regulation) and only nine operations employing disabling drugs, {NB:
two-thirds of these involved the use of drugs in interrogations).

No

use of lethal substances was reported.
22.

The factors accounting for th.e low rate of use of _this capa-

bility were considered to be the following:

·...

a. the technical shortcomings .of the drugs
b. _ the problem of testing in realistic pilot operations
c. liznitations on the dissem"ination of pertinent
information to operations officers
d. organizational and administrative restrictions on
operations
.
e •. µegative attitudes toward the use of MKDEL'rA tnaterials
f. problems in the training of case officers in this field
g. the risk of stimulating increased use of MKDELTA
materials by opposition intelligence services

·.•

·•·,

,.

23.

Technical shortcomings of the drugs:
As of 1960 :no effective knockout pill, truth serum, aphro- _
\

•.·

.

.

-

..

.

.

. disiac, o~:·recruit?nent pill was known to exist._ MKDELTA was

::•.

--~

described as inherently a high-risk, low-yield field of operations.

~"":•,··.·.

Three years later the situation remains substantially unchanged,
with the exception that real progress has been made in the use of

\
\
\

drugs in support of interrogation.

Ironically, however, the

•

progress here has occurred in the development of a total psychological theory of interrogation, in which the use of drugs has been

(b )( 1)
(b)(3)
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relegated to a support role. ~ - . - c - - - - - c - - ~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~

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The problem of testing in realistic pilot operations:

..
~

This subject has been discussed above, beginning with
paragraph 10 •. It should also be noted that testing on operational
targets overseas is considered by some operations officers to
·:•.... •

be quite impracticable.

Unilateral operations are imperative

.... ~,..

··,•::...~

·--•--:;,,

. which substantially complicates the delivery pr·oblem.

:;~

The

.... :

possibilities of unexpected or critical reactions in test subjects
and of ensuing compromise of the activity make most senior
~~___s.pmmand personnel unwilling to take the risks involved.

ZS. Limitations on the dissemination of pertinent information ·ro·

.

.:

.

...,,.,,

case officers; organizational and administrative restrictions on

. .·

_.:..;.•

ope rations:
The present-day situation concerning both of these problem
areas is improved over 1960.

TSD now regularly briefs a variety

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of senior officers·on its MKDELTA capability. Approval of
the use of MKDELTA materials is now accomplished within
the chain of command of ·the DD/P.

The DD/P may consult, ..

for example, with the Chief, Medical Staff, concerning
medical risks involved in MKDEL.TA operations, but the
I;:1.tter surely would not expect to exercise final authority for
the disapproval of operations.

26.
I.

TSD has found that TDY visits of MKULTRA officers· to the

:-,... _____ _

'·

I

field in support of specific operations increases the awareness of the

.

...: ;-· ..

MK.DELTA capability and stimulates proposals for-additional projects.

I

i

Of equal significance, however, has been the TSD decision in 1961 to
station in

/·

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r_·_L___.----~----~---~~~~~=~officer who is

m~ve PCS t~

[

(b )( 1)
(b)(3)

((1:>)(1)

_· _-•·'·" _ I during the summer of 1963 to supportOand
.
-

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adjace_nt stations.

. ((b)(3)

While the principal responsibility of these officers

lies in the f i e l d ' - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ the arrangement

.

'

well.

'L--.

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It now appears that increased reliance can be placed on this

. .
l

.

(b )( 1 )
~ t h 1 ~ - - - - ~ .' (b)(3)

has proved useful in the MKDEL.TA field--notably in interrogation--as

.

-

\

approach to promoting responsible use of the MKDELTA capabilitie!!--_....-'
27.

Negative attitudes toward the use of MKDELTA materials;

problems in the training of case officers in this field:
The 1960@.ottliej"eport observed that some case officers

(

I•

informed on MK.DELTA matters. A second officer is scheduled to

(

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.'

have basic moral objections to the concept of MKDELTA and

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therefore refuse to use the materials.

(

Some senior officers

were reported to believe that the proper employment of the
capability required more sophistication than most case
officers possessed and that there would be a tendency toward
over-reliance on and mi1:1use of drugs in lieu of perfecting
classic espionage techniques.

Finally, it was ·suggested that

MKDELTA controls w~re so restrictive as to have generated
a general defeatism among case officers concerning the chances
of getting approval for use of materials in routine rather than
extreme situations.

These matters will be reviewed in f'!ture

field inspections of D~/P area divisions.

[in:

the meanvihile,

the stationing of qualified TSD consultants in the field and

...
increasing operational experience will tend to develop over time
a category of case officers who h~ve acquired direct appre<:iation
of the Jotential

-~~~$

anf

liznitations of the MKDELTA

c.apabil~:y:J

.:f?~~;

Z8.

The risk of stimulating increased use of MKDELTA materials

by opposition intelligence services:

' .

The ~ottl~ei}-eport stated that opposition intelli~ence
services are active in the MK.DELTA field and recommended

•

that the CI Staff of the DD/P conduct a systematic study 0£ the
evidence.

This recommendation has not been implemented.

It is a subject of increasing significance as new materials and
·.!

techniques become available.

(
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It is recommendeq that:
_/

Deputy Director /Plans instruct Chief, CI Staff, to

perform a study of the evidence of use of MKDELTA
materials by opposition intelligence services and recommend
appropriate measures for traini?g DD/P case officers to
recognize and counter hostile activity in this area •
.... :-~

29.

_J

In summary, present evidence concerning the operational

value of the MKDELTA capability would appear to conffrm the principal
iudgments of the 1960@.ottlie.0-eport.

There is an extremely low rate

of operational use of the controlled materials.

En:

the other haiid,

significant progress has been achieved in the development

of an inter-

rogation theory employing chemical substances, and in providing com-

I

I,

.!

petent guidance to the field in MKDELTA matters through TSD officers

l

working overseas~]
IV.

Management of MKULTRA
30.

TSD has initiate~41]projects relating to the control of human

behavior; i.e.,~\..C~----------------~-~during the ten_
years of operation of the MKULTRA program. f2wenty-five {25} of these
projects remain in existence at the present time, whiie a number of others
are in various stages of termination]
31.

Active projects may be grouped under the following arbitrary

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headings.

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Many projects involve activity in two or more of the areas

listed.
a. basic research in materials and processes
b. procurement of research materials
c. testing of substances on animals and human beings
d. development of delivery techniques
e. projects in offensive/ defensive BW, CW, and radiation
f. miscellaneous projects;~ g.
petroleum sabotage,
(2) defoliants, (3) devices for remote measurement of
physiological processe;

{jl)

J

32.

·

_

The current management of TSD bas initiated a policy of

'directing the activities of MKULTRA and of the Behavioral Activities
Branch towards operations and away from long-range research.

Prior

to this change in policy which occurred in 1962, MKULTRA spoI_?.sored _
· a large number of projects in the fields of .applied psychology, sociology,
anthropology, and graphology.· The present management is unlikely to
return to these fields of research under the MKULTRA charter.

The

inspectors concluded that many of these projects were of insufficient
· sensitivity to justify waiver of normal Agency control procedures.

It

is recommende~the end of this report that projects falling outside the
authorized scope of MKULTRA henceforth require the prior written
approval of the DD/P to qualify for MKULTRA processingJ
33.

The TSD chain of command for adm~nistra.tion of the MKULTRA

program comprises the following:
a.
b.
c.

Chief, TSD providing overall management
Deputy Chief, TSD, (a trained scientist) providing tqp substantive guidance for the MKULTRA program
Assistant Chief, TSD, for Research and Development,
contributing management but not substantive guidance

(_

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d.

Chief Sc~entist {reporting to c., above), (a trained
scientist), contributing substantive guidance in some
areas and responsible for the technical administrative
processes of MKULTRA. He is supported by a GS-12
budget officer.

e.

program manager for MKULTRA, also serves as
Chief of Biology Branch, (a trained scientist)

f.

project monitors located in various branches of TSD
and specialized in the subject fields of the specific
projects for which they are assigned responsibility

.. ··,.._· :-.

~~~

-To date this chain of command has relied primarily on oral communica.··· ..

tion in the management of MKULTRA.

Files are notably incomplete,

poorly organized, _and lacking in evaluative. statements that mig!1t give
perspective to management policies over time.

A ·substantial portion

of the MKULTRA record appears to rest in the memories of the
.

.

principal officers· and is therefore almost certain to be lost with their
departures.

The senior officer~ in the MKULTRA chain of command

who are not substantively qualified need better records to measure the
validity of projects through time and to identify key areas in which to
require detailed periodic briefings from working specialists.
34.

It will be noted that the Chief of Support, TSD, does not parti-

cipate in the MKULTRA. administration.

The predecessor of the present

•
Chief of Support served in TSD throughout the life of the program until

..
......

1962 without ever being associated with its management.

In his stead,

the Chief Scientist and a GS-12 budget officer have provided administrative
support.
'•

...

·-~~~·,µ:

(

The Chief Scientist has set policy on the funding of MKULTRA

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projects in all respects including salaries, overhead rates, fees,
material, equipment, facilities, travel, and the like.

The support

officer was only added in 1962 under pressure of critical audit
findings.

This use of the Chief Scientist in a field where Chief of

. Support possesses superior qualifications and facilities constitutes
a misuse of talent.

The proposed new charter for MK.ULTRA should

take account of this anomaly and al.so provide that Chief of Support
·advise in the future on decisions to fund projects under the MKULTRA
authority and thereby to waive the application of DD/S procedures •
.

--.

It is recommended that:
Deputy Director/Plans draft and submit for the

,-..__ __ _

approval of the Director of Central Intelligence a revision
\

·\

~- ~ ...

.

_and re-confirmation of the authority granted him in 1953

l

(Tab A) to operate the MKULTRA program, incorporating

th~- following provbfons:

'

a.

.

Deputy Director/P,lans assign Chief, Technical
Services Division, to operate MKULTRA as a
program for research and development of chemical,
biological, and radioactive materials, and of
techniques for the employment of ele~tro- shock,
capable of producing huma~ behavioral
physiological change. ·Subsequent changes in scope of
MKULTRA shall require the written approval of
the Deputy Director/Plans.

or

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Deputy ;:>irector/Plans arrange with Deputy Director/
Research for the coordination of research relating
to MKULTRA objectives to control duplication of
effort and to provide for exchange of information of
new capabilities.

(

-~.·. ,:.::-

c.

Chief, Technical Services Division, consistent .with
established policy, ~may negotiate for research in
MKULTRA materials and techniques 'to be conducted
by Deputy Director/Rese9-:rch and by other component
offices of CIA. He shall consult regularly with the
appropriate officers of such components to control
duplicatiQn of effort •

d.

. Chief, Technical Services Division shall approve the
· addition of MKULTRA developed materials to the ·
list of operationally available MKDELTA substances.
and keep the Deputy Director /Plans advised of such
additions. (cf. Clandestine Services Instruction ~
No. 220-10, MKDELTA MATERIALS,. dated 22 July
·1960--Tab B--which governs the employment of
behavioral control materials in clandestine operations. )

e.

.· Deputy Director/Plans, jointly with the Deputy Director/
. Support, establish policy for the ac:bninistration of
suppoi-:t functions unde~ MKULTRA. Such·policy shall
seek to limit to ,the maximum the waiver of established
Agency support procedures for activities of unusual
sensitivity •

f.

. Chief, Technical Services Division shall maintain
exacting internal controls and records of all substantive
and support matters within each MKVLTRA project .
Records shall include:

. ·.. :..

..:.:. ~·'.
- :

(1) A plan of the research and development to be
performed.
•
I

(2) An administrative annex setting forth security.
budget and accounting arrangements agreed to
by the parties to the project. Chief of Support,
TSD, shall then certify to the DD/S for each
such project that this annex is in accord with
the agreed DDS /DDP policy. Pursuant to this

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responsibility, Chief of Support, TSD,
shall have right of unlimited access to
the substantive and administrative records
of MKULTRA.

I

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(3)

I

!

An annual written review by the project
monitor setting forth in reasonable detail
the nature of the work performed, the
prospects for refjults of eventual operational significance, and a recommendation
for continuance or termination of the project.

g.

Testing of MKULTRA materials and devices shall only
be.performed in accredited 'research institutions Wlder
accepted s~ientific procedures.·

h.

Chief, Technical Services Division, shall brief the
Deputy Director/Plans at least semi-annually on.::
MKULTRA activities. The Deputy Director /Plans
after each briefing shall promptly notify the I>eputy
Director of Central Intelligence that he has persona.lly
conducted a semi-annual review of the program.
,{

i. ,,
(.

The MKULTRA program be audited in accordance
:ith the provisions of HR ~ e l u d i n g auditor access
~ substantive as well as administrative records.
.

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Jm-t)RANDUM FORa

Director, Central Intelligence

SUBJll:Ta

Two Extremely Sensitive Research Programs

·:1. Approximately 6'I, of the TSS ·research and development effort lies in

sensitive !ields in which it is. not possible to conduct the work
·. t,b:rough the customary contracts tor security reaoons and other considerations.
·-t,1,-0 highly

2. ·These two sensitive fields are:
a) Covert studies of biological and chend.cal warfare
b)
3. Permission of the DCI is requested to handle work 1n these two
fields 1n tbe manner outlined in Tab A without contracts and with reimbursement to be made·. against invoices properly' certified by TSS.

la. ·All controls established 1n the PRC approval of the original Research Program (other than signing of a contract) would remain unchanged.
Periodic financial and progress reports will be made. All documents will be
· retained by TSS.
S. lo new "tu.nds are involved. This procedure wou1d apply to ,!und:_s
irev.l.ousl.y approved tor research~

6. Tab B is a memorandWll to the Deputy Director (Administ.ration) tor
Jour signat.ur~ autborirlng this procedure.
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Tab A - Description of Project MKULTRA and
the controls which will be exercised
over its execution
: tab B·- &lggested Memorandum from DCI to .·
. · DD/A authorizing payment of invoices ··
·. •. under Project ~TRA
·
Addressee .. Orig & 1 w/attachmenta
· DD/P_
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TAB A·

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PROJECT MKULTRA
Extremely Sensitive Research and Development Programs

.1. On 6 June 1952, the Project Review Committee approved the TSS
Research Program for Fiscal

.. , _

_ _____ _

Year 1953.

.

.... -

2. The PRC approval authorized the Director of Research, at ~s discretion and with the approval of the Research Chairman, to apportion
an1:l obligate the research fun~s among individual projects,· such projects
to be subject to the usual Agency procedures and administrative
·controls. ·

· 3. 1'.his Research Program has been active1y underway since the middle
of 1952 and has gathered considerable momentum during the past few
months. It is now evident on the basis of work cur.rently underway that
approximately 94o/o of the projects contemplated can be handled through
regular procurement channels by means of the customary contracts
signed jointly by the Agency and the organization undertaking to carry
out the work. It has also become apparent that approximately 6o/o of
the projects are of such an ultra-sensitive nature that they cannot and
. •hould not be handled by m.eans o! contracts which would associate CIA
or. the Government with the work in question. This 6"/e of the· current
research effort now lies entirely within two well-defined fields of
endeavor, namely:

•

·✓ca)

.Research to develop a capability in the covert use of·
. : biologicai and chemical materials. This area involves the
production of various physiological conditions which could
support present or future clandestine operations. Aside
from the offensive potential, the development of a comprehensive capability in
field of covert chemical and bio- ·
· logical warfare gives us a thorough knowledge of the enemy's
theoretical potential, ·thus enabling us to defend ourselves
against
a foe who might not be as restrained in . the use of
.

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T. S. 87624

these te'chniques as we are. Fo~ example: we intend to
investigate the development of a chemical material w};uch
causes a reversible non-toxic aberrant mental state,· the
• peci!ic nature of which can be reasonably well predicted for
each ·individual. This material could potentially aid in discrediting individuals, eliciting information, implanting
euggestion and other forms of mental _co_ntrol;

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(b) Research and engineering development in the field Qf

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· 4. It is highly undesirable from a policy and security point of view that
contracts should be signed indicating Agency or Government interest
in either of these two fields. In a great many instances the work in
field (a) must be conducted by individuals who are not and should not be
aware of our interest. In all cases dealing with field (b), it is mandatory
that any connection with the Agency should be known only to an absolute
minimum number of people who have been specifically cleared for this
purpose. In no case should any manufacturer or supplier be aware of
Ooverrunent iirterest.
··
·

s.· In many cases in field (a) where the researcher can be cleared and.
may be aware of our interest in the program, he is unwilling to have his
· name on a contract which remains out of his control in our files.
• Experience has shown that qualified, competent individuals in the field
of pharmacological, physiological, psychiatric and other biological · ·
eci.ences are most reluctant to enter into signed agreements of any sort
which connect them with this activity since such a connection would
Jeopardize their professional reputations.
6. Even internally in CIA, as few individuals as possible should be
, -.ware of our interest in these fields and of the identity of those who are
wor~ng for us. At present this results in ridiculous contracts, often
with cut-outs, which do not spell out the scope or intent of the work

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.//~d ~hich cont~n t~rms·w~ch ~he cut-out ~annot incorp~rate i~ his
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contract' with ·the researcher without revealing Government interest.
Complete Government au_dits of such contracts are impos·sible for·
the same reason.

i,·

1. It is, therefore, requested that the DCI authorize TSS to handle 60/o
.
. of the previously approved research budget
for FY 53 without the establishment of formal contractual relations.
This program will be known as· Project MKULTRA.
1

8. It is suggested that payment of invoices under Project MKULTRA
forwarded by TSS be authorized, provided that:
· (a) the· total of such invoices does not exc~ed
Fiscal Year 1953;
.

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for

.

· (b) the invoices carry a certification by the TSS Research
Director that payment of funds is authorized and that the
·. invoices represent work accomplished within die program
approved by the DCI under Project MKULTRA as outlined
~n this memorandum;
.
(c) the invoices carry the certification of the Executive
Secretary of the Research Board that the scope of the prograt;n
h~• been approved;
·(d) the invoices carry the certification of the cognizant TSS
·_ Division Chief that the work has been satisfactory from
technical point of view•

a

•

9. It should be emphasized that this authorization does not involve any
new allocation of funds, but merely applies to a portion of a previously
· approved budget.
that:

The TSS certifications mentioned above will mean

(a) the project is being handled under the conditions set forth
ID this description and specifically falls within one of the
:two ultra-sensitive fields mentioned above;
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· · ·(b) the project ·has been app~oved in the manne~ provided !or
ID the PRC docu~ent which originally set up and approved
. the over-all TSS Research Program. Each project will thus
have been presented by the Chief of the Division monitoring
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the work to the Research Directo_r and to the Research
Ch~irman and will have, as in the past, to be approved
by both b_efore any expenditures are made;
(c) technical control over the project will be exercised by
the TSS Division Chief and Project Engineers to the same
extent now applying to projects handled in the normal fashion.
Technical reports will be rendered when necessary and
. advisable and will be available for inspection in TSS files
&t any time;

.

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(d) in the case of each project, TSS will reach an under standing
with th~ individuals who will perform the work as to the
conditions under which_ the work will be performed and reimbursement arranged. No standard contract will be signed.
_In some cases when possible, a memorandum of agreement
will be signed and retained in the TSS files. Under no
. ·cb-cumstances would copies of such agreements leave TSS
files where they will be kept available for inspection;
(e) the manner in which the work will be handled and methods
of maintaining Agency and Government sterility will be worked
out with the Inspection Ii Security Office as in the past, and
clearance of individuals to the extent deemed necessary by
TSS and I Ii SO will be obtained;

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(f) . invoices,· when received by TSS, will be forwarded to
Finance Division for payment and will be certified as outlined
in Paragraph 8 above. Whenever documents are available
. supporting a portion or all of a given invoice, such as cancelled
checks, r~ceipted bills, etc., these will be requested by TSS
and retained in the TSS files in support of the invoice, where
· they will at all times be available for inspection. They will
not be forwarded with the invoices. Such documents at best
~ll only cover a portion of the total_ expenditures, and regular
· audit procedure~ will not be followed;

(g) other provisions an~ controls over the Res~arc·h Program
. epecified in the original PRC approval will rem_ain unaltered.
·· Technical progress under the separate projects.handled
under
I\ .
· Project MKULTRA will be included whenever necessary in_ -

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the regular progress reports now submitted by the Director
of Research. The monthly budget and financial report being
submitted by TSS to DD/A will include full financial infor:tnation on these projects, including how much of the · 6%
has been committed, how much has been spent and how much
remains.

10. The establishment and approval of Project MKULTRA will allow
TSS to undertake highly desirable and necessary research in these two
sensitive fields which would not_ be possible unless the work can be
handled in this manner.

Distribution:
Addressee - Orig. le 1
DD/P - 1
TSS/OC - 1
Exec. Registry - 1

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!tcilrlty Infonnalio~

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
WASHINGTON 2!5, D. e.

. OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR

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MEMORANDUM FOR: DEPUTY DIRECTOR_ (ADMINISTRATION)
SUBJECT

I

Project MKULTRA - Extremely Sensitive
&esearc_h and Develoi>ment Program
-

.

.
I. On 6 June 19S2, the Project Review Committee ap,rove4
the DD/P/TSS Research Pro 6 ram
· for Fiscal Year 1953.

z.

The PRC approval authorized the Director of Reeearch,
·- at hie discretion and with the &isproval of the Research Chairman, to
obll1.ate the research funds and ap;;,ortion them among individual i:,ro-Jecta, auch proJectl to be 111bject to the uaual A 6 ency procedure a and
admini&traUve controh.

· J. A amall part of the Reaearcb Program· contem~lated by TSS
and dhcuaaed with me consists of ultra-sensitive work. The nature of
the research and the security considerations involved preclude h.indllns
the projects by meane o! the usaal contr~ctual agreementa.

- 4. I have, therefore. &;>proved the obligation and expendlt11re by
• TSS ol . 6%
of the tota.l budget
I already &;:,proved by the PRC
for reaearch for FY '53 without the .,ignin& of the ueul contracts or
other written agreementa.
·
·

. 5". Tbh

_- will be handled a • Project MKULTRA.
Would you ?lease rr.a~e the neces1ary arrangen,enta •o that lnvolcee
lorwarded by T.SS a_,~lying to MKUL TRA will be paid 1 provided that:
6o/o· • .

.

.

a) · ln the aggregate, they do not exceed . 6%
._ witho1.1t fu.rth~r authorization from me:

1,)

for FY '53

each Invoice h to bear a certillcatlon by the Chief._

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DD/P/TSS, aa the Research Director, thit.t the Invoice
applies to Project MKULTRA and that the c~nditlons .outlined in the DD/P memorand"m for DCI clafed 3 April
.. have been com,:.Ued with. The certification will also
. · request that payment be made;

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the lnvolce shall bear the certification
the Executive
Secretary of the Reeearch Board that the aco;,e of the
program has been approved;
·
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the invoice
shall bear the certl{i.c.-'tion
.
- .....__. of the cognizant
TSS Divhlon Chief that the work bas be~n satisfactorily
performed from a technica1:·point of view and has been
carried out in accordance wlth the understandings reached
between TSS and the individual or concern doing the work.

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6. No furth~r documents will be required to justl!y payment of .o
the Invoices. Exacting co_ritrol will be maintained over the Project by
TSS. Although rio formal contract will be· eigned, it will occasionally
be possible !or TSS to :1lgn an informal agreement with the individual
or concern performing the work. In
cases, TSS will retain in it.
filea:s all documents. TSS will endeavor wherever possible to obtain
documentary IU?f•Ort of invoice•, such as cancelled checd.a, receifted
bills, etc., and theae will remain ln TSS files. Such documents at bed
will only cover a portion of the total ex~enditurea, and the regular audit
procedure will not be followed~

suc·h

7. Other provisions and control over the Reaearch Program
•~eclfled in the original .1-RC ap;:,roval remain unaltered. The monthly
budget and financial record being submitted by TSS to DD/A will include
• financial information on the work being conducted under Project MAU1..TRA.,
ahowing how much ol the . 6%
ha• been committed, how much ba•
been 1pent, and how much remain•.
.

..
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Dlatrlbution:
Addressee - Orig. • 1
DD/P - 1
. _:;s5/0C - 1
Exec. Reghtry - 1

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/4/

ALLEN W. DULLES
Director, Central Intelligence .

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Zl April 1953 .

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MEMORANDUM.FOR THE FILE
: Project MKULTRA

SUBJECT

·. •.

1. Project MKULTRA was established by means of a memorandum
dated 3 April 1953 from DD/P to DCI as a result of which on 13 April

1953. DCI wr_ote to DD/A approving the project subject to certain controls
and limitations which TSS has agreed to maintain.
·

z. In order to comply with these controls. subprojects under MKULTRA
will be handled as outlined in the DD/P memorandum to the DCI dated
3 April 1953.
. In brief:_
.

•.

A separate file will be kept on ·each subproject.

(a)

The
foundation of each file will be an agreement between
TSS and the contractor outlining the work to be done,
. the conditions under which it will be accomplished, the
estimated costs of so doing, etc. Wherever possible,
· this agreement will be signed by both parties, but in
extreme cases need not be signed by the contractor.
In such an event, it is still necessary to prepare such a
document outlining the verbal agreement and listing
dates and places when meetings took place. .

(b)

At the same time, the Division Chief will prepare a
memorandum for file outlining the scope of the program,
the reasons for its activation, etc. 1 and containing all
p~rtinent information. This memorandum will bear the
· following:
PROGRAM APPROVED
AND RECOMMENDED:

•.APPROVED FOR

OBLIGATION OF FUNDS:

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Research Chairman

Research Director

Date:

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When preparing.(b), the Division Chief will also prepare

a l!lemorand~m addressed to the Comptroller, Attention:
Finance Division. This memorandum will state that
aubproject ___ has been approved, and $_____ of the
over-all project MKULTRA funds have been obligated to
cover the project's expenses. This memorandum will be
•igned by the Division Chief and will provide space for the
approval of the Re search Director and the Re search .
Chairman as outlined above. This memorandum will.
- allow Finance to obligate funds so they will not be lost
at the end of the Fiscal Year and will provide a document
against which action can be taken when invoices are
later presented for payment. This memorandum should
contain absolutely no technical details or information as
to the scope of the work. Copies of the memorandum will
be prepared for:
Co.mptroller, Original and ~ A
Exec. Sec'y., Res. Board - 1
TSS/Budget - 1
TSS Registry - 1
Initiating Division, whatever number is
required

(d) · Memoranda (b) and (c) will be presented together to the
Research Director and the Research Chairman for
•ignature. Memorandum (b) will be returned for inclu_;,
• ion in the project file, and memorandum (c) will be
routed to TSS/Budget,. TSS/Supply It Services, TSS
Registry and Comptroller •

•

· (e)

It will be the responsibility of the Division Chief handling
the project to see that the Research Director is kept informed of progress and that reports, correspondence with
·. the contractor and other documents are kept in the project

· file.
.. (f)

·

When an invoice is received by the Division, it shall be
forwarded to Chief, Finance Division, ~a TSS/Budget
_.Officer 1 with a memorandum stating it applies to subproject
·under Project MKULTRA. The memorandum
-should provide· any special instructions involving method of
payment,· i.e., whether. by check or cash, etc. The
following certifications must appear on the invoice or be

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attached to it:

(1)

is

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hereby certified that this is Invoice No. .
applying to subproject
of Project MKULTRA~
that technical performari°ceby (name o! the contractor)
has been satisfactory, th-'!t the work was accomplished
in accordance with the mutual ·agreement reached with
(name of contractor), that this bill is just and correct
and that payment thereof has not yet been made_.
11

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(Division Chief)"

(2) "It is hereby certified that this invoice applies to
aubproject
under Project MKULTRA which was
duly approvTd""ind that the project has been carried out
in accordance with the DD/P memorandum to DCI dated
3 April 1953 and the DCI memorandum to DD/A dated
13 April 1953. Payment is authorized and requested.

-----------

Date:

Research Director"

(3) "It is hereby certified that the scope of the prografu of
subproject ___ of Project MKULTRA has been approved.
Date:

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Exec~ Sec'y•• ltes. Bd."

TSS/OC:c:vsr/jel (20 April 1953)
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TECHNICAL SUPPORT
22 July 1960

·MKDELTA MATERIALS

Rescission:

~ - - - - - - - _ J

20 October 1952

l. GENERAL
MKDELTA materials are certain chemical and biological materials
· (Including K and L tablets) capable of producing human behavioral or
physiological changes. Such materi~s may be obtained only in accordmice with the provisions of this instruction. ·

L

b. The provisions of the lnstructlon are not intended to cover those materials commonly known as harassment materials •.

I. POLICY
'fte use of MKDELTA materials will be limited to situations in the exercise of official duties which clearly justify such use.

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b. Their issuance wlll be strictly controlled and will require in each inatance '\he written approval of the Deputy Director (Plans).
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c. MKDELTA materials not used for the purpose for which they were issued

·wtll be promptly returned to TSO; on-the-shelf storage against possible

··

future needs will not be permitted.

I. PROCEDURES
L

•

Informal discussion of the requirement to determine its technical feasibility will be held with TSO before preparation of any formal request or
any coordination with other elements •

b. Requests for the issuance of these materlal!i will be prepared in memorandum form for the si~ature of the Chief or Deputy Chief ·of the Op•
uattng Division or Staff concerned. No other signature ls authorized.
~

.

a. Th1a memorandum will be routed first to any other dlvlsion(s) or staff(s)
· whose coordination ls necessary, then to the Chief, TSD, who will append
h1a comments and h1turn lt to the originator for transmittal to the Deputy
Director (Plans) for approval. Transmittal of the memorandum will be
· . oa. an Eyes Only basis.

d. Procedures used in the past that may have differed from the ahem.
· DD longer be used.

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· TECHNICAL SUPPORT
22 ~ly 1960

C. RECORDS
\ The C:hfer. TSO. will maintain a record or all Issuances, to include the date
of Issuance. the name and signature or the immediate recipient, and a reference to the approved memorandum request. which he will keep ln a readlly
avallable supporting file.

RICHARD M. BISSELL, JR.
Deputy Director

. (Plans)

. I
SECRET

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ANNOTATED EXTRACT FOLLOWS

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at~c,i.t proscdurc.:s w ere \"1;\.ivcd.

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L: the $u'bsequent 2.<lministration of

t he program , h o'.·1 cver, TSD has· io'.l.Ild it f easible to contract -for some
~/..he research on lviKUL'TRA objectives- in accordance with pre;cribed
.

.

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D D /S pro-::-:::c1u.res. - The bD/S, i_n turn, has evolved various secure
· S)•stems for the"fumling ?£ ~ensitive activities .
. -.- : . :. - ..

I t appears· feasible
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2nd 2.pp:::-opri2.t~, therefore; to_fropose that the "J?D/ S be consulted
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du:::-ing the re-chart~r~~~---~~ MKULTRA in the design of.;_~ 2.dministr.:tive

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The Inspector General ._-

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. a ccordingly has re~o~anded

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system that does_j u~t!.ce •t-~ his responsibilities as ~ell a.s to "the ·rnan~ge- ·_

:rnent and security rec_iu~e-~ents of TSD.

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. ~1/-.: ,~-:. T~e next p1i~_e_~£ th~. MKV.L'I'R.A. program involves physicians
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~'., . hospit 2.ls and in prisons, wr..o are provid ~d the products an~ fin<lL---igs of
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Tr..ese :-;p~ciali~ l·s are abo re:cipic,n~ t; fer te~tin g pn.:pos e s of

;md p:ccc,,<1t:r-~ s ..,-,ith ir.tc:lii.r:.:,ncc: pol c:n~i. ;'. l may l 1~ i c1,~ntificrl thro~tgh ti:is
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subj ec t s .

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the basic research projects and proceed with i n ~cnsive testing on hum.an I

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