2016 Presentation Indian Philosophy and The Universe

Indian Philosophy and The Universe
United Nations/Costa Rica Workshop
on
Human Space Technology
San Jose, Costa Rica
7-11 March, 2016
Anjana Vyas, Ph D
Professor & Programme Coordinator (Geomatics)
Faculty of Technology, CEPT University, Ahmedabad,
INDIA
anjanavyas@yahoo.com
Lecture delivered on March 10, 2016

Indian Philosophy
• Philosophy is a fundamental nature of
» knowledge,
» Reality and
» Existence

• Originated in the Indian sub-continent, includes:
– Hindu Philosophy
– Buddhist Philosophy
– Jain Philosophy

• It is unique in its applications of analytical rigor to
metaphysical/ supernatural/ philosophical problems
• It goes into very precise detail about:
– the nature of reality,
– structure and function of Human consciousness, and
– how the relationship between the two have important implications for
human salvation, i.e., MOKSH

Indian Philosophy
• Significance lies in the eternal principles of
human frailty, strength, beauty and destiny.
• Organic growth, which is like a tree constantly
producing more branches from the same
roots, has turned Hinduism into a religion and
a philosophy in which there is room for
everyone to have their own place.

Questions Addressed in Indian Philosophy
• Who am I? Where have I come from? Why have I come?
• What is the essential nature of my being (Gyaan – self
realisation)?
• What is my relationship with the manifold universe and with
other human beings?
• What is truth and conclusions on questions of truth?
• What is the relationship between the centre of consciousness
and the objects of the world? (Bhakti - prayer)
• What are the guidelines for action (Karma - deed) as long as
one is in a physical body?
• Does one live after death (Moksha – Eternal Journey)?

Indian Philosophy – Across HUMAN
• Each person has its own character or talents.
• For a person with a:
Personality

Desired Path

Philosophical Bent

KNOWLEDGE (Gyan)

Practical Bent

DEEDS (Karma)

Disciplined Person
Religious Person

SPIRITUAL CONTROL (Yoga)
WORSHIP (Bhakti)

• Life is divided into 4 stages called ASHRAM:
Stages

Activity Defined

Brahmcharya

Discipline & Education

Grahsthya

Parenthood & Active Work

Vanyaprasthya

Stage of retreat in which worldly ties are
loosened, Middle Age

Sanyasa Ashram

Life of Hermit, Old Age

Evolution of Caste
• Every person has an individual place & Tasks to fulfil in
Society:
Castes

Tasks Responsible for

Brahmin

Priests

Kshtriya

Worriers

Vaishya

Merchants

Shudra

Labourers

Fundamental Difference in Western & Indian Philosophy

Western Philosophy

Indian Philosophy

Intellectual Pursuit

Essence of Truth

Disciplinary Approach

Holistic Approach

Competitive

Comprehensive

Practical Orientation

Theory oriented Practical

Religion is independent to culture Religion derived culture
Linear (Birth & Death)

Cyclic (Birth, Re-birth)

The Universe - Brahmand
• Aham brahmasmi: An expression of I am ness; I am in all and all
are in me, it is a state of supreme eternal Brahma, the state of
oneness
• Tat tvamasi: expression of the relationship between the individual
and the Absolute. "He that is the Essence of your soul, He is the
Truth, He is the Self, thou art That”.
• Praghanam Brahman: Prajnana means awareness, consciousness,
which is pervading the subtlest texture of the cosmos and is
present and active everywhere, at all the places and all the time.
It energizes the physical, emotional and spiritual realms.
• Sarvam Khalu Idam Brahman: All this multiplicity in the form of
universe or creation is essentially Brahman (Supreme Self or Pure
I AM Consciousness).
Universe, therefore, is a formation in Brahman or
Pure I AM Consciousness.

The Universe
Sarvam Khalu Idam Bramh
(Pure Knowledge is not a means to an end but the end itself)

The Universe is Everything:
•Both living & inanimate
•Both Atoms & Galaxies

•
•

Spiritual Things & Material (if exists)
Heaven & Hell (If exist)

The Universe: Totality of All Things
• Totality of All Things - which can be experienced through:
– Sense - Organs (PERCEPTION)
– Reason (CONCEPTION)
– More directly by transcendental KNOWLEDGE
• Non-Material entities:
• Space
• Time
• Ether
• Consciousness – Realisation
• Universe is Expanding-Law of Hubble – i.e., 1) Balloon has
dots, expands, distance increases, BUT the center of Universe
remains; 2) There exists Parallel Universe

The Universe:
Theoretical Query
Characteristics of a ‘Thing’ is not Absolutely ONE, or Absolutely
MANY:
a) just because it possesses an unbroken contour or identity
of its material;
i. i.e., a lump of garden soil is one or many?
b) One’s point of view – common sense
i. One always changes
The only thing which could be absolutely ‘ONE’ is the whole
‘REALITY’ itself.

The Universe: Fundamental Doctrines
1. Idealism: ‘All Reality is Mental’; Nothing exists but state of
Consciousness.
(Philosophers- Plato, Leibnitz, Berkeley, Hume, Kant, Hegel & Scientists- Sir,
Eddington, Sir James Jeans, Hermann Weyl, Ernst Mach, Raymond
Poincare, etc. who supports)

2. Realism: ‘Independence of any relation to the experience of
a subject’, What exists, exists equally whether it is
experienced or not.
– In consideration with
• Substance - Element
• Quality - Value
• Change - Variation
(Philosophers Democritus, Aristotle, Rene Descartes, Bertrand Russell &
scientists Newton, Bohr, Albert Einstein, Hisenberg, Whittaker,
Reichenbach, Joad, Sir Oliver Lodge, Prof. Henry Margenau support)

Hinduism
• It is more than a Religion
• It is a way of Life that has developed over approximately
5 Millennia
• It is rich & multi-cultured history
• It has made the structure of MYTHICAL and PHILOSOPHICAL
principles into a highly differentiated maze
• Practically impossible to get the Total knowledge of this.

•

(Ref. Eva Rudy Janse, The Book on Hindu Imagery)

• Ghnanm Vighyana Sahitam
Einstein quotes: Science without Religion is Deaf & Religion
without Science is Blind.
Eye is a Vision: Microscope, Telescopes equates Spirituality & Religion

The Evolution of Hinduism

Judaism

1750

Buddhism Christianity Islam

800

500

200

700

1200

Vedic Period Pre-Epic Epic
Medieval
Period Period Common Era Renaissance

Vedas
Bhagavad Gita Vedanta Philosophy
Upanishads

1700
Modern
Period

Outline of Indian Philosophy
•
•
•
•
•

Vedic Period (2500 B.C. – 600 B.C.)
Epic Period (600 B.C. – 200 A.D.)
Sutra Period (200 A.D. – 600 A.D.)
Scholarly Period (600 A.D. – 1700 A.D.)
The Modern Period (1700 – present)

• Composed in Sanskrit beginning as early as
1,750 – 1,500 BCE

The Vedas

What are the Vedas?
• 4 Scriptures: brought knowledge
and wisdom to us.
• Those are: Rig, Yajur, Sama, and
Atharva Veda.
• It holds the key to Spiritual wisdom
and many more subjects within
them. For example:
•
•
•
•
•
•

Art
Literature
Space Science
Technology,
Magic
Health

Music
Weaponry
Logic
Hypnotism
Medicine
and more.

The Vedic Heritage - Philosophy
Vedas are the most ancient scriptures, communicated from 4000 1500 B.C.
Veda

Philosophy

Rig Veda

• Atma, Parmatma, Creation, Genesis, Death, Rebirth, Liberation
• A collection of poetic hymns invoking and glorifying many gods
and goddesses which are personifications of different aspects of
nature. Agni, Vayu, Varuna, etc. Highly symbolic language with
metaphysical/ philosophical ramifications.

Yajur Veda

• Sacrifices, Mantra, Bhakti
• Mantras used for sacrificial yagnas or extended rituals

Sam Veda

• Hymns from Rig Veda, Karma Kand, Rituals
• Has mantras from Rig Veda but these follow certain rules of
prosody and tone for accuracy of effect. Relates to sound and its
effects on the human mind and body.

Atharva Veda

• Prayers, Magic Chants, Philosophy, Meditation
• The mantras here deal with the ordinary world and acquisition
of material gains.

Vedic Knowledge as an Inverted Tree
Bramhan - God
Non - Dual Reality
4 Vedas

Vedic literature

Visualisation of Vedic Impacts
5 Natural Elements:
Water, Fire, Air, Earth
& Atmosphere
Resources are for
Everyone, leave for
Future Generation –
Ishavasyamidam
Sarvam

• Bhrugu Sanhita:
10,000yrs before
• Minuteness in 2
Celestial Age:
• 12 Rashi
• 27 Nakshtra
• 4 Charan
• 1/2 Charan
• i.e.,12*27*4*1/2
is the Probability of
Human taking birth

Brahman - “to expand”
 Fundamental Principle of the universe. (Kena Upanishad
IV and V)
 Reality in all, and all things are in Brahman. (Svetasvatara
Upanishad, IV. 2–4)
 State of non-duality. (Brhadaranyaka Upanishad, IV.v.14–
15)
 Ineffable/ inaccessible. (Kena Upanishad, I.5-9)

The Vedic Heritage/ Literature
• Vedic literature is divided into four chronological stages –
– Samhita consists of all the Vedic mantras.
– Brahmana is the commentary on the meanings of the mantras.
– Aranyaka gives methods for the training of the mind for higher
attainment for aspirants to a spiritual life.
– Upanisads – 108 prominent Upanisads, 11 of which are considered
prominent. Veda means “knowledge” and Vedanta means “the end of
knowledge”.

• This set of Vedic literature – a gigantic compilation of texts generated
by unknown sages – is the fertile ground from which have sprouted all
the different systems of Indian philosophy.
• There are orthodox and heterodox systems of Indian philosophy.
– Orthodox ones are: Nyaya, Vaisesika, Samkhya, Yoga, Mimamsa and
Vedanta.
– Heterodox (unorthodox) systems are Jain, Carvaka and Buddhism.

Scripts: 18 Puranas
• It talks about: ‘Always a birth of Every Thing’ – Scope for
Development – (Radio wave, x-ray, microwave are talked)
• 4 are important – Vishnu, Garud, Vayu, Brahmand Puran
• i.e., Jambudwip – Island with specific species of plants, herbs,
etc
• Devi Bhagwat: explains the varied Geological Features of
Planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Venus)
• Sun Temple, Jantar Mantar gives micro calculation of TIME
based on the movement of Planets
• Panchangs are prepared based on Astronomy (Distance of
Planets)

Anti-Matter
• Anti-matter is exactly the opposite
of normal matter.
• An anti-matter atom would consist
of a positron, an anti-proton, and
an anti-neutron.
• In theory this means that there is a
parallel universe.
• This parallel universe could be the
spiritual world.

Two Theories in Astronomy: Big Bang & Steady State Theory
the universe originated
the universe has always existed
billions of years ago in an
and has always been expanding
explosion from a single
with hydrogen being created
point of nearly infinite
continuously – Steady State
energy density – Big Bang
Theory (Now it is Over)
Theory
On 6th October,1923
Cosmic Age
(1/10*43) parts we have
gone back
Bhrugu Rushi – 10,000 m
yrs before mentioned
about time: Ansh, Kala,
13.7 Million Years – Creation of Universe
Vikala: Degree, Min &
In Sanskrut Big Bang mentioned in Ratri Sukta; Purush Sukta,a mention of
Second.

B I G

B A N G

How Universe Begun, Nasidip Sukta – What happened before Big Bang
Super-sensory Knowledge – not a science but is a consciousness.
i.e. a spoonful of Tears – is a water. But of Happiness or Sorrow?

Three Forms of GOD

Brahma

Vishnu

Shiva

The Trimurti (three forms) represent Brahman manifested in the
processes of:
creation, preservation, and dissolution of the cosmos.
(In Purana – Composed during Gupta Period – 320-540 CE)

Upanishad
Upa- (near), ni- (down), sad (to sit): sitting near the teacher

The Upanishads teach
that all life forms move
through repeated cycles
of birth, death, and
rebirth, until final
liberation from this
cycle, MOKSHA.
Stage of
Sarvam Khalu Idam
Brahman

The Upanishads
• Composed between 800-500 BCE by various rishis (seers)
• The Upanishads are the greatest source of Indian
philosophical thought.
• Added as the final sections of the divisions of Vedas.
(Vedanta = end of the vedas)
• Upanishads are classified as sruti (“that which is heard”)
and are authoritative.
• Upnishads are Philosophical commentary on the early
portions of the Vedas, and it is grounded in the practical
experiences of the rishis.

Six Primary Concepts in the Upanishads

Atman

Brahman

Avidya

Karma

Samsara

Moksha

Primary Concepts of Hinduism
World is a single Family. Vasudhaiv Kutumbakam.
Sarvam Khalu Idam Brahman – OM – Nothingness
Nothingness has a particular Frequency, Dark Matter, Dark
Energy. Every thing has a GATI (dynamic)
•BRAHMAN: SUPREME REALITY OF GOD, i.e.,
1. All pervading and absolute reality
2. Beyond description
3. Worshiped in various forms, male or female, and by many
names
•DHARMA:
1. Mode of conduct most conducive to spiritual
advancement
2. Includes universal human values and values specific to an
individual’s stage in life (i.e., student, parent)

Primary Concepts of Hinduism
• KARMA:
1. Principle of cause and effect
2. An individual’s every action produces an appropriate
outcome for him/her
3. Outcomes may span over life time.
• MOKSHA: THE ULTIMATE GOAL IS 1. Freedom from samsara, the cycle of reincarnation (the
soul survives death to be reborn in a new body)
2. Achieved by self-realization and elimination of material
desires and attachments.

Meditation
Chanting mantras such as OM,
signifies the cosmic power of
Brahman
Aham Brahmasmi

(I am Brahman).

Moksha:

freedom from the cycle of
reincarnation

The Epic Periodc
• The Ramayana of Valmiki
Rushi, written in 3rd
century BC, and tells story
of Rama, and his wife, Sita.
• Rama and Sita are
generally seen as ideal
examples of great manly
heroism and wifely
devotion.

Mahabharata

• Mahabharata, Sanskrit for
Great Story, written by Vyas
Muni between 300BC &
300AD, is one of the great
epic poems of ancient
India.
• The story is about the
battle of one family over a
kingdom in northern India.
• The Bhagavad Gita (Song of
God) is contained in the
Mahabharata. It is dialogue
between Krishna and the
hero Arjuna on the
meaning of life.

Sutra Period
• Six systems of Philosophy
• Nyaya
• Vaisesika
• Samkhya
• Yoga
• Purva Mimasa
• Uttara Mimamsa or Vedanta

Vedas: the unexplored ocean of
knowledge.

Buddhism

Early Buddhism in India
Founded by Siddhartha Gautama (born about 563
B.C.)
•Siddharth/ Gautama was raised in a pampered
lifestyle but then he encountered an old man, a sick
man, a corpse, and a monk
– Siddharth was impressed by the monk and himself
determined to take up an ascetic, wandering life to
help him understand the phenomenon of suffering

Siddhartha Gautama
• About 534 B. C., Gautama left
his family to take up the
existence of a holy man
• Intense meditation and
extreme asceticism did not
enlighten him sufficiently
• One day he resolved to sit
under a large bo tree until he
understood the problem of
suffering
• For 49 days he withstood
various temptations and
threats from demons and
finally received enlightenment
– Thus Gautama became the
Buddha– “the enlightened
one”

The Buddha by Odilon Redon

Buddha – Teaching of a Man
Sterling point in Buddhism:
•Mankind and the way in which they suffer not
just physical pain but the general feelings of
dissatisfaction with LIFE craving to achieve or
have more the fear of CHANGE & DEATH.
Buddhism does not require:
a)A person to accept fixed belief and ideas
b)No debate on the existence of “GOD”
Main thing to help people overcome SUFFERING
& to achieve a FULL LIFE.

2 Branches of Religion
Hinayana & Mahayana
•Triple Jewel is COMMON among BOTH called Tri
Ratna:
Buddha
Dharma
Sangha

Tri Ratna
Enlightened One
Teaching
Community of Monks

Buddhist Doctrine
• Buddha announced his
doctrine publicly at the
Deer Park of Sarnath in
528 B.C.
• Delivered the “Turning
of the Wheel of Law”
sermon which marked
the beginning of
Buddha’s quest to
spread the law of
righteousness

Dhamekha Stupa is believed to
mark the place of Buddha’s first
sermon

Hinayana:4 Noble Truths & 8 Nobel Paths
Conducts & Ethics

Four Noble Truths
• All life involves
suffering
• Desire is the cause of
suffering
• Elimination of desire
brings an end to
suffering
• A disciplined life in
accordance with the
Noble Eightfold Path
brings the elimination
of desire

• Right Thought
• Right Intent
• Right Speech
• Right Action
• Right Livelihood
• Right Effort
• Right Mindfullness
• Right Concentration
Conception of NIRVANA & Freedom from the
Cycle of Re-Birth

MAHAYANA
• Concept of Bodhisatwa: Being who desired
heighest enlightenment for the welfare of
others.
• Meditative Practices
• SIX PARIMITA:
• Ordained Monks
1. Dana
• Monastery
Meditation &
2. Shila
Introspection were
3. Kshanti
encouraged
4. Birya
5. Dhyana
6. Praghna

The Middle Path or Moderate Way
• Avoid extremes– either an overt pursuit of
passionate worldly desire or extreme
asceticism
• Live a moderate lifestyle characterized by
quiet contemplation, thoughtful reflection,
and disciplined self-control
– Reduces desire for material goods and other
worldly attractions
– Eventually results in detachment from the world
itself

Nirvana
• Living this lifestyle will lead
to personal salvation–
escape from the cycle of
incarnation and the
attainment of nirvana

– Nirvana is the state
of perfect spiritual
independence
The Wheel of Dharma symbolizes
samsara, the continuous cycle of birth, life,
and death. One is liberated from this
endless cycle of rebirth when nirvana is
achieved.

Monasteries
• Early Indian education was
informal, mostly involving
just a sage and his students
• Buddhists organized
monasteries and began
offering regular instruction
and established educational
institutions
• Most famous monastery
was at Nalanda
Ruins of monastery at
Nalanda

Dunhuang
• Between 600 and 1000 A.D.,
Buddhists built hundreds of
cave temples around
Dunhuang depicting scenes
of Buddha
• Assembled libraries of
religious literature
• Supported missionaries
which spread Buddhism
throughout China
Boddhisattva Avalokitesvara,
south wall, Cave 45

The Buddhist Monastery at Ajanta
(2nd BCE-6th CE, west central India)

Gupta period paintings preserved in the oldest caves:

The Stupa/Image Hall (late 6th CE)

Inside the Hall:
stupa & Buddha
image merged
into one

Ceiling & Side Columns:
rock-cut imitation of wooden structure

Another Stupa/Image Hall

Ways in which Buddhism and Hinduism
are similar:
• 1) Both believe in reincarnation.
• 2) Both believe there are many different paths to
enlightenment.
• 3) Both believe that our suffering is caused by excessive
attachment to things and people in the physical world.
• 4) Both believe in an ultimate spiritual reality beyond the
illusions of the physical world.
• 5) Both practice meditation and other forms of yoga.
• 6) Both believe that eventually all living spirits will achieve
enlightenment and liberation, even if it takes many
incarnations. Remember that in Mahayana Buddhism, the
original teachings of the Buddha are assimilated to Hindu
practices, including prayers, gods (even the Buddha as god in
all his many incarnations). Mahayana Buddhism also
introduces the idea of (temporary) heavens and hells.

Comparison Chart
Buddhism

Hinduism

Principle

This life is suffering, and the only way to escape from
this suffering is to dispel one's cravings and ignorance
by practising the Eightfold Path.

To follow dharma, i.e. eternal laws

Practices

Practices of the Threefold Training: Morality,
Concentration, and Wisdom.

Meditation, Yoga, contemplation, yagna
(communal worship), offerings in the
temple.

Goal of
Philosophy

Buddhism is not a philosophy. It is the practical
teachings of the Buddha and its goal is 'nirvana'.

Salvation, freedom from the cycle of birth
and reincarnation.

Means of
salvation

Buddhism has nothing to do with "salvation". The only
goal in Buddhism is to attain Nirvana. To do this, we
should let go of our desires, cravings and attachments,
and try to dispel our ignorance

Reaching enlightenment by the Path of
Knowledge, the Path of devotion, or the
Path of Good Deeds.

Scriptures

Tripitaka - a vast volume of 3 main sections: the
Discourses, the Discipline and the Absolute Doctrine which appeared only after the death of the Buddha,
thanks to the monks who collected all the teachings of
the Buddha.

Vedas, Upanishad, Puranas, Gita. Smrti and
Sruti are oral scriptures.

Belief of God

Buddhists do not believe in a Creator God, but, do
have non-creator deities.

The deity often varies from sect to sect.
Smarta/Monists sect believes Everything is
God. There are monotheistic sects also.

• MEDICAL SCIENCE
from VEDA
• Yoga and Ayurveda :
• Charak Sanhita

Vedic Math
• The Vedas were very advanced in math.
•
• The Vedas had short cuts to Multiplication and
Division.

• Many saints and sages were very advanced in
all of these subjects including zero and infinity.

Vedic Math
21*13
6

21
13
63
210
273
Total:273

Note: if the number of dots in one
column is more than 9 add to next
column. This does not apply for
the first column

Nikhilam

Multiplication

99 × 89

1) Write the
base

5) Finally, cross
subtract

(100)
99

01

89
88

11
11

The answer is

2) Find the first
complement
3) And the second
complement
4) Multiply the
complements

8811

Gravity? - Newton?
• Baskaracharaya had discovered gravity
way before Newton proposed the idea.
• Quote from Baskaracharaya,
“Objects fall on the Earth due to force
of attraction by the Earth. Therefore, the
Earth, Planets, Constellations, Moon,
and Sun are held in orbit due to this
attraction.”
— Baskaracharaya, In Siddhanta
Shiromani, 12th Century

• Newton rediscovered gravity in 1687 AD

The Binary System - Gottfried Leibniz !!
• The binary system is made
up of ones and zeros.
• One was described as an
existence part and zero was
a nonexistence part.
• The Vedas said that all life
was made up of these
parts: nonexistence (0) and
existence (1).

Atomic war thousands of
years ago?
• The Indus valley and Harappa civilization suddenly vanished.
• Most theories state that they starved because the Indus river
changed courses but it is also discussed that the skeletons (of
the Indus valley people) are very radioactive.
• Even comparable to the Hiroshima and Nagasaki skeletons.
Studies are still going on.
• During the Mahabharata and Ramayana epics many tools were
used such as the Brahmastra and Vimanas.
• Can we relate this with nuclear weapons and spacecraft.
• In Tibet, a paper in Sanskrit was discovered . After translation,
the paper was instructions to build a spacecraft or Vimana.

INDIAN MYTHOLOGY - SCIENTIFIC INNNOVATIONS
HINDUISM, BUDDHISM & JAINISM
THE EXISTENCE OF SOLAR SYSTEM
THEORIZED GRAVITY
THE SPEED OF LIGHT
ACCURATELY PREDICTED THE DISTANCE BETWEEN SUN AND EARTH
THEORIZED THAT EARTH IS A SPHERE
MEASURED THE CIRCUMFERENCE OF THE EARTH
ESTIMATED THE LENGTH OF AN YEAR
DEDUCED PI VALUE
Source: http://www.cortona-india.org/Material-ScienceHinduism.aspx

Hinduism & Science
ARYABHATT (476 CE) MASTER ASTRONOMER AND MATHEMATICIAN
• earth is round, it rotates on its axis
• acknowledged for calculating p (Pi) to four decimal places: 3.1416 and the sine table in trigonometry
BHASKARACHARYA II (1114-1183 CE) GENIUS IN ALGEBRA
• was the first to discover gravity, 500 years before Sir Isaac Newton
• His renowned mathematical works called 'Lilavati' and 'Bijaganita' are considered to be unparalled and a
memorial to his profound intelligence
NAGARJUNA (100 CE) WIZARD OF CHEMICAL SCIENCE
• As the author of medical books like 'Arogyamanjari' and 'Yogasar,' he also made significant contributions to
the field of curative medicine
• Nagarjuna had discovered the alchemy of transmuting base metals into gold

ACHARYA KANAD (600 BCE) FOUNDER OF ATOMIC THEORY
• He was the pioneer expounder of realism, law of causation and the atomic theory. He has classified all the
objects of creation into nine elements, namely: earth, water, light, wind, ether, time, space, mind and soul.
• He says, 'Every object of creation is made of atoms which in turn connect with each other to form molecules.'
ACHARYA CHARAK (600 BCE) FATHER OF MEDICINE

• Revealed the facts on human anatomy, embryology, pharmacology, blood circulation and diseases like
diabetes, tuberculosis, heart disease, etc.
• His renowned work, the ' Charak Samhita ', is considered as an encyclopedia of Ayurveda

Hinduism & Science
ACHARYA SUSHRUT (600 BCE) FATHER OF PLASTIC SURGERY

• details the first ever surgery procedures in ' Sushrut Samhita ,' a unique encyclopedia of surgery
• prescribes treatment for twelve types of fractures and six types of dislocations. His details on human embryology are
simply amazing
VARAHAMIHIR (499-587 CE) EMINENT ASTROLOGER AND ASTRONOMERA
• Varahamihir' s book 'panchsiddhant' holds prominent place in realm of astronomy. Noted that moon and planets are
lustrous not because of their own light but due to sunlight
• In the ' Bruhad Samhita ' and ' Bruhad Jatak ,' he has revealed his discoveries in the domains of geography,
constellation, science, botany and animal science
ACHARYA KAPIL (3000 BCE) FATHER OF COSMOLOGY
• His pioneering work threw light on the nature and principles of the ultimate Soul (Purusha), primal matter (Prakruti)
and creation
• Because of his extrasensory observations and revelations on the secrets of creation, he is recognized and saluted as
the Father of Cosmology.
ACHARYA BHARADWAJ (800 BCE) PIONEER OF AVIATION TECHNOLOGY
• He authored the ' Yantra Sarvasva ' which includes astonishing and outstanding discoveries in aviation science, space
science and flying machines
• Profound Secret: The technique to make a flying machine invisible through the application of sunlight and wind force.
ACHARYA PATANJALI (200 BCE) FATHER OF YOGA
• It seeks to discover and realize the ultimate Reality through yogic practices. Acharya Patanjali
• He prescribed the control of prana (life breath) as the means to control the body, mind and soul

Source: http://www.southreport.com/13-points-that-prove-ancient-indians-are-way-ahead-of-the-rest-of-the-world-in-their-

Rama Setu – Bridge
Hanuman Chalisa – Jaldhi Landhi gaye Acharaj Nahi

City Constructed under Water –
Bet Dwarika: Lord Krishna Nagari

Om or Aum: Hindu Symbol of the Absolute
• Om or Aum is of paramount importance in Hinduism.
• Om represents both the unmanifest (nirguna) and manifest
(saguna) aspects of God. That it pervades life and runs through
our prana or breath.
• OM is a matrix of all sounds, when in its diversified form gives
rise to all words used in language.
• AUM represents the 3 Fold Division of Time
A – is the waking state
U – is the dream state
M – is the state of deep sleep
• At the end of AUM is a pause, a silence. This represents the state
known as Turiya, or Infinite Consciousness.
•
Source: http://hinduism.about.com/od/omaum/a/meaningofom.htm

Ending with
• Asato ma Sadgamaya
• Tamaso Ma Jyotirgamay
• Mruturma Amrutam Gamay
• Sarvesham Shanti Bhavatu
• Sarvesham Purnam Bhavatu
• Sarvesham Swasti Bahvatu
• Om Shanti Shanti Shanti (Upnishad)

References
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VuDyj6SHywk&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y_PfhV_Hns4

• http://www.gosai.com/krishna-talk/92-modern-science-and-vedas.html
• http://www.southreport.com/13-points-that-prove-ancient-indians-are-wayahead-of-the-rest-of-the-world-in-their-time/
• http://www.cortona-india.org/Material-ScienceHinduism.aspx
• : http://www.cortona-india.org/Material-ScienceHinduism.aspx
• http://hinduism.about.com/od/omaum/a/meaningofom.htm
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedas
• http://images.google.co.in/
• http://indianscriptures.50webs.com/
• http://www.diffen.com/difference/Buddhism_vs_Hinduism
• https://public.wsu.edu/~brians/wcsyllabus/buddhind.html
• http://www.world-mysteries.com/sci_12.htm